Kungani kufanele uye kuma-photovoltaics?

Igama elithi photovoltaics (PV) lashiwo okokuqala cishe ngo-1890, futhi lisuka emagameni esiGreki: isithombe, âphos,â okusho ukukhanya, kanye ne-âvolt,â okusho ukuthi ugesi. Ngakho-ke, i-Photovoltaic isho ukukhanya-ugesi, okuchaza kahle indlela izinto ze-photovoltaic namadivayisi asebenza ngayo. I-Photovoltaics iyindlela yokuguqula ukukhanya kube ugesi. Isibonelo esaziwayo se-photovoltaics yizibali ezisebenza ngelanga, ezisebenzisa iseli elincane le-photovoltaic ukunika amandla isibali.

Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi amaphaneli e-photovoltaic adidekile nezinhlelo zokushisa kwamanzi elanga, okungamaphaneli asetshenziselwa ukushisa amanzi, ama-photovoltaics (noma i-solar PV) asebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi, hhayi ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-solar panel.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuphambene nomcabango ojwayelekile, ama-Solar PVâ awasebenzisi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ukuze asebenze, okunye ukukhanya kwanele ukuze isistimu isebenze. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala imali kuma-photovoltaics kuqinisekisa ugesi wezakhiwo hhayi kuphela phakathi nezinsuku zasehlobo ezinde nezinelanga kodwa nangezinsuku ezinamafu njengezinyanga zasebusika. Kuyiqiniso nokho, ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli kuhambisana ngokuqondile nenani lokukhanya akutholayo, ngakho uma ilanga linamandla, kuba ngcono.

Yiziphi Izinzuzo ze-Photovoltaics?

Njengoba kwaziwa kakhulu, amandla avela elangeni anjalo clean and endless. Photovoltaics make good use of the energy of the sun and convert it into electricity that can be used to make households greener and less dependent on the grid. Contrary to popular belief that supports that solar panels are expensive, you should be happy to know that solar panels can actually save you money! There are different grants that will pay you for the clean energy that you produce, therefore making solar energy a wise investment. Incorporating solar panels will eventually provide you not only environmental but also financial benefits.

Ingabe lokhu kuyadida? Funda ngezansi ukuze uqonde ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinketho ezitholakalayo emakethe.

Isebenza kanjani i-Photovoltaics?

Njengobai-i-photovoltaic refers to the conversion of light directly into electricity, photovoltaic technology uses materials with photoelectric effect to produce power. These are called semiconductors. The most popular semiconductor is silicon, which absorbs the photons from the light and as a result releases electrons from the atoms.

Ukukhanya (okungokwemvelo noma okokwenziwa) okufinyelela ku-

Iyini i-Photovoltaic Cell kanye ne-PV Module?

Amaseli elanga ama-photovoltaics enziwe ngezinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor, ngokuvamile i-silicon. Lapho ukukhanya kufinyelela ingqamuzana lelanga, elinensimu kagesi enohlangothi oluhle nolungalungile, ama-electron akhululwa kuma-athomu. Ukuthunjwa ngaphakathi kwamandla kagesi akhona we-photovoltaic cell, ugesi ukhiqizwa.

Uma amaseli amaningana elanga exhunywe ngogesi komunye nomunye ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esisekelayo, abantu bakhuluma ngemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, eklanyelwe ukukhiqiza ugesi ku-voltage ethile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamamojula amaningi we-photovoltaic (noma amaphaneli) kubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic, olungavele lufakwe phezulu kophahla olukhona lwesakhiwo ukuze lunikeze ugesi.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zamamojula we-PV Akhona?

Indlela eyodwa elula engasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlukaniswe ama-PV Modules ukuthi axhumekile kugridi noma cha. Ngalokhu engqondweni singahlukanisa amaphaneli abe:

Amasistimu angaphandle kweGridi: these are systems which are not connected to the grid, and are generally used to cover electricity needs of remote buildings or vacation homes which have no access to the public grid. These panels are a convenient option since they do not require special permits from electricity distribution companies. However, since they are 100% independent, off-grid systems generally require an additional generator or batteries to have electricity when the sun is not shining. As solar battery storage system costs are showing a decline, the option of solar battery storage systems is more accessible and affordable for more households.

Amasistimu Axhunywe kwigridi:lezi izinhlelo ezixhunywe kugridi, okusho ukuthi ungasebenzisa ugesi ovela enkampanini kagesi uma uwudinga. Uma ungenzi kanjalo, ungasebenzisa ugesi okhiqizwe amaphaneli akho ukuze uzisebenzisele wena siqu, futhi ungakhetha ukuthengisa wonke, noma ngaphezulu, ubuyisele kugridi. Amasistimu abophe igridi awanawo amandla okusekela ibhethri.

Kuthiwani Nge-Lifespan kanye Nokugcinwa Kwemojula ye-Photovoltaic?

Esinye sezici ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala imali ku-photovoltaics ukuthi umkhiqizo unesikhathi eside sokuphila. Inani eliqondile lincike ezintweni eziguquguqukayo ezihlukene njengekhwalithi yephaneli nezimo zezulu, kodwa ngokuvamile, zizohlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu elanga adinga ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu futhi eza, ngokuvamile, newaranti yokusebenza yeminyaka engu-25.

Nokho, iziguquli ze-solar PV, okuyizona eziphethe ukuguqula i-solar DC ibe ugesi wegridi we-AC, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kushintshwe ngemva kweminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-15 futhi ngokuvamile eze nesiqinisekiso seminyaka emi-5.

Iyini intela ye-Feed-In?

Lolu bekuwuhlelo lukahulumeni wase-UK olwakhelwe ukugqugquzela abantu ukuthi basebenzise imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo. Uma ufake ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ugesi emthonjeni ovuselelekayo noma onekhabhoni ephansi, futhi ufeze izimfuneko ezithile, ungathola imali kumnikezeli wakho wamandla.

Lolu hlelo lukahulumeni lwaphela ngo-Ephreli 2019, nokho. Izintengo zobuchwepheshe obuvuselelekayo eziwele ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo zakwazi ukuthengeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke uhulumeni akasakuboni kudingekile ukuxhasa ubuchwepheshe.

Siyini Isitifiketi Se-Energy Performance (EPC)?

Lesi yisitifiketi okufanele zonke izakhiwo zasekhaya nezentengiso ezitholakalayo ukuze zithengwe noma ziqashwe e-UK zibe naso. Inhlolovo yokusebenza kwamandla ingakusiza ukuthi ubone izindlela zokonga imali ezikweletini zakho zamandla ngokukhomba lawo maphuzu lapho umosha khona amandla. I-EPC izokutshela ukuthi isakhiwo sakho sisebenza kahle kangakanani, isilinganisele ukusuka ku-A (sisebenza kahle kakhulu) ukuya ku-G (esingasebenzi kahle). Uma isidaliwe, i-EPC isebenza iminyaka eyishumi.

Ikusasa le-Photovoltaics

Njenganoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe, ama-photovoltaics athuthukiswa njalo lapho kugxilwe kakhulu ekuwenzeni asebenze kahle â kokubili mayelana nokusebenza kahle kweseli kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kumsebenzisi wokugcina. Izinkampani ezahlukene zisebenzela ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwe-photovoltaics ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli elanga kodwa phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kuye kwaba kancane kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungase kube isici esihle kubanikazi be-photovoltaics futhi, ngenxa yalabo okwamanje abahlela ukutshala imali ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic. Njengoba kungekho ukuphakama okungazelelwe ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-photovoltaics okulindelekile, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa okusha kuzophelelwa yisikhathi ama-photovoltaics atholakalayo okwamanje emakethe yezohwebo.